Vapor electric apparatus.



PATENTBD MAY 14, 1907.

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a WILLIAM R. BURROWS, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGN OR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

VAPOR E LECTRIC APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed July 7. 1905. semi No. 268.707.

Patented May 14, 1907.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM R. BURROWS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vapor Electric Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved form of electrode suitable for use as anode in electric apparatus, such as mercury vapor lamps and rectifiers, The anodesof such appa'ratus should preferably be smallinbulk and should at the same time present-Ta considerable surface. I find that if electrodes are inadeof solid bodies of carbon or graphiteit occluded gases fromthe interior of the electrodes when the rectifier chamber is exhausted during manufacture and' there is therefore a likelihood thatthese gases will be given up during the normaloperation of the. lamp or rectifier and thgs lower the vacuum in the.. evacuated tu e.

It'is the object of this invention to provide an. anode so shaped as to overcome the diifi culties enumerated above, and so arranged as to properly protect the leading-in conductor from possible deterioration by thedirect a'ctionof the mercury arc. e 1

Figure 1 shows a rectifier of ordinary form provided with my improved anodes; Fig. 2

1s a perspective viewof an anode; and Fig. 3 v

of ananode and anode is a sectional view tube showing the arrangement of the various parts.

The rectifier 1 comprises an evacuated chamber of glass or other suitable material carry ng at its lower end a tubular extension '2 filled with mercury to serve as cathode for the rectifier.

with tubular extensions 3 and 4 in which anodes 5 and 6 of artificial graphite are.

mounted. Anode 6 is mounted on a single platinum lead-wire 7, sealed in the wall of the anode tube. he inner surface of the glass tube is separated from the carbon anode by a lava bushing 8 which incloses the inner end of the platinum wire 7 and protects it from possible destruction by the mercury arc and furthermore serves to separate the glass surface fromcontact with the hot carbon anode 6. A

Fig. 2 shows the details of, my improved It is also provided at the sides fform of anode and the shown is provided with two lead wires 9 and 10 to increase the current carrying capacity of the anode connection, and to provide a firm mechanical support for the anode. The anode has a wedge shaped grooves extending longitudinally thereof, thus leaving'a central rib 11 of small diameter and a projectin Webs 12. i I may hollow out the --central ri 11 by drilling a hole longitudinally therethrough up to a point near-the ends of the leading-in wires but not far 7 enough touncover the ends of the Wires and expose them to the destructive action of the are. Such a construction has the advantage of presenting a large su erficial area availa le for carrying an arc, ut at the same time bringing all of the electrode material so near the surface that the removal of any gas is readily effected during the exhaustion of the lamp or rectifier. V Fig. 3 shows the method of mounting the anode in a rectifier tube, though it is-to be understood that other means of support may be used if desired. The glass wa'llsof the tube, 13 are bentinward to form a second modification there which they are securely sealed. These lead wires 9 and 10' may be screw-threaded or otherwise secured to the anode 6 and carry lavabushings' 16 and 17 to separate the glass from the anode and to protect the lead-wires from the direct action of the are. ,A suitable brass cap 18-may be cemented to the end'bf the glass tube 13 and soldered to the lead Wires to .afl'ord a ready means of connection to an external'circuit. a

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentof the United" States, is:

1. An anode for vapor electric apparatus havin' a grooved exterior to provide a large supe icial area and to facilitate the removal of gas from the interior.

2. An anode for vapor electric apparatus having a hollow center and a grooved exterior to provide a large superficial area and to facilitate the removal of as from the interior.

3. A graphite anode or surface.

4. The combination with an evacuated general tubular outline with plurality of radially,

vapor electric apj paratus having a hollow center and a grooved I 1 o 5 80 I tubel-fl through which the lea'rhwires are introduced and, to the inner closed end .15 of chamber, of an electrode therein having a hollow center and a longitudinally grooved exterior. n

5. The combination with an evacuated '5 chamber, of a lead-wire sealed in the Wall thereof, and an electrode mounted on said lead-wire, said electrode completely inclosing the end of said lead-wire and provided with grooves to increase its superficial area.

no 6. The combination with an evacuated chamber, of a lead-Wire sealed in the wall thereof, and an electrode mounted on said lead-wire, said electrode having a hollow center and having certain portions cut away ,to

I5 increase its superficial area and to facilitate the removal of occluded gases.

7. The combination w1th anevacuated chamber, of a lead-wire in the Wall thereof, and an electrode mounted on said lead-wire, said electrode having a plurality of radial 2o webs.

8. The combination with an evacuated chamber, of a lead-Wire in the wall thereof, and an electrode mounted on said lead wire and completely covering the end thereof, 25 said electrode having a plurality of radial webs.

Inwitness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of July, 1905.

WILLIAM R. BURROWS.

Witnesses:

S. N. WHITEHEAD, JOHN E. MITCHELL, Jr. 

